Scientists have developed a new, cost-effective coating that can adjust the temperature of buildings without using additional energy. Inspired by a desert-dwelling chameleon, this energy-efficient solution could be a game-changer for future building materials.

Traditional heating and cooling systems are notoriously energy-intensive and often rely on fossil fuels. In search of greener alternatives, researchers at the Harbin Institute of Technology in China turned to nature for inspiration.

Many desert-dwelling species have evolved unique adaptations enabling them to endure the extreme and rapidly changing temperatures of their harsh environments, researchers explain in a media release.

For instance, the Namaqua chameleon has the ability to change its color to regulate its body temperature in response to varying environmental conditions. The scientists explain that the chameleon’s adaptation is an example of “passive temperature control,” which could be applied to create more energy-efficient buildings.

To develop the coating, the team combined thermochromic microcapsules, specialized microparticles, and binders to create a suspension that could be sprayed or brushed onto metal surfaces. The term “thermochromic” refers to materials that change color in response to temperature changes.

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